Hansen's Northwest Native Plant Database


Wild Roses

Kingdom Plantae– Plants
Subkingdom Tracheobionta– Vascular plants
Superdivision Spermatophyta– Seed plants
Division Magnoliophyta– Flowering plants
Class Magnoliopsida– Dicotyledons
Subclass Rosidae
Order Rosales
Family Rosaceae– Rose family
Genus Rosa L.– rose

 

Species of this genus native to the Pacific Northwest: Washington, Oregon, California and some Canadian Provinces

Rosa L. Rose
Rosa californica Cham. & Schltdl. California Wildrose
Rosa canina L. Dog Rose
Rosa eglanteria L. Sweetbriar Rose
Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. Dwarf Rose
Rosa micrantha Borrer ex Sm. Smallflower Sweetbrier
Rosa multiflora Thunb. Multiflora Rose
Rosa myriadenia Greene, nom. inq. Glandular Rose
Rosa nutkana C. Presl Nootka Rose
Rosa nutkana C. Presl var. hispida Fernald Bristly Nootka Rose
Rosa nutkana C. Presl var. muriculata (Greene) G.N. Jones Nootka Rose
Rosa nutkana C. Presl var. nutkana Nootka Rose
Rosa pisocarpa A. Gray Cluster Rose
Rosa spithamea S. Watson Ground Rose
Rosa spithamea S. Watson var. spithamea Ground Rose
Rosa woodsii Lindl. Woods' Rose
Rosa woodsii Lindl. var. ultramontana (S. Watson) Jeps. Woods' Rose
Rosa yainacensis Greene Cascade Rose

 

Species Information For This Genus

Click on links below on this page for photos and details of each plant.

As yet, not all northwest native roses are covered in this website, though that may be done some time in the future. For now, we have information about only four of our northwest native roses.

Note: Throughout the years I've written short articles for our website's home pages (home pages are the front page of a website) about these plants. They are now included at the bottom of this page, and are illustrated by botanical drawings and paintings, some of which are from books published from 1500 - 1900.

Rosa gymnocarpa (Bald-Hip Rose, Little Wild Rose)

This beautiful native rose is slender and delicate. It grows rapidly to 3-5' and is adorned with tiny 1" pink flowers with single petals in attractive clusters.

The foliage is fine, even lacy and the branches are bristled rather than thorned.

The naked hips are a brilliant red and remain on stems throughout winter.

This rose is native to the Pacific Coast in shady, moist locations. It will not, however, tolerate waterlogged soils. It is hardy from USDA zones 7-9.

Rosa nutkana (Nootka Rose)

This delightful native rose has large, bright, orange hips and clusters of one to three 2" pink flowers with a sweet, almost cinnamon scent.

Nootka Rose grows very fast, reaching 3-6' and spreading by suckers to form dense thickets, where birds seek shelter and build their nests.

Found from Alaska to California and east to Utah and Colorado, Nootka Rose is hardy from USDA zones 4-9. It likes moisture, but not boggy conditions, and full sun.

It is a border plant, found where the forest meets the field, road or sea shore.

Rosa pisocarpa (Clustered Rose, Peafruit Rose)

A beautiful native rose that has several clustered instead of solitary pink flowers. It blooms from May-July and often for a second time in fall. The leaflets are sharply pointed and have hints of blue, while the branches are long and arch gracefully. They are armed with vicious thorns, providing birds and small wildlife a safe haven from predators.

A riparian species, the Clustered Rose loves moist, even waterlogged, soils and will grow well in a wet garden where other roses would fail. It is found along the Pacific Coast to the Cascade Mountains, USDA zones 7-8.

This is a superior variety for crafters and lovers of rosehip jelly as the yield of rosehips are immense! Save some for the birds, though!

Rosa woodsii (Wood's Rose)

A superb native rose, Rosa woodsii has rose-pink flowers in early June.

The bright red hips persist throughout winter, and are used as food by birds.

A fast grower, the Wood's Rose quickly reaches 4.'

It is the hardiest of the natives roses I carry, surviving in the harsh conditions from the Rocky Mountains through the Cascades, USDA zones 4-6.

It is drought tolerant, needs little sun and can survive on steep, rocky slopes with little topsoil. An excellent choice for difficult sites.

From Homepage February 5, 2005

Claude Monet, one of the foremost impressionist painters, found great delight in simple roses. He was particularly fond of the native roses - the pure color (pink) - the beauty in the pure simplicity (single petal flowers - several petals of course but not doubled in multiple layers).

Carefree native roses: a Monet Rose garden would be a lovely addition to your landscape.

This summer when the your native roses are blooming, you can stand amidst them and close your eyes. Breathe in their delicious perfume. Imagine you are at Giverny. You might even find the urge to try your hand at capturing their essence on canvas to remember that summer day in your rose garden.

Plant wild roses in combination with the Western Snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis) for a beautiful winter presentation. The red rose hips and the white Snowberries will delight you and your wildlife visitors all winter.

Create an island or corner garden with Serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) surrounded by NW Native roses. The white Serviceberry blooms are followed by delicious berries. They're so good they're even grown as a commercial crop in Canada! Prefer yellow blooms? The Black Twinberry (Lonicera involucrata) is a repeat bloomer that often presents the lovely yellow flowers with the glossy black berries at the same time, sometimes on the same branch!

From Homepage May 22, 2004

Nothing beats a wild rose for simple, sweet blooms. As I drive down country roads, the fence rows have become bowers of pink roses. The fragrance is pure and delightful. I know later in the year the blooms will fade, each one leaving behind a red berry-like rosehip. A pleasure to see and delicious to eat. The birds agree!

Though the birds don't bother to wash their food before eating, human beings must be more cautious--always clean foods carefully. It's best to grow your own wild roses, and refrain from using pesticides or other poisonous chemicals that are not safe for any living thing.

To a Wild Rose Found in October
By Ednah Proctor (Clarke) Hayes 1677

THOU foolish blossom, all untimely blown!
  Poor jest of summer, come when woods are chill!
Thy sister buds, in June’s warm redness grown,
  That lit with laughter all the upland hill,
 
Have traceless passed; save on each thornëd stem      
  Red drops tell how their hearts, in dying, bled.
Theirs was the noon’s rich languor, and for them
  The maiden moon her haloed beauty spread;
  
For them the bobolink his music spilled
  In bubbling streams; and well the wild bee knew       
Their honeyed hearts. Now bird and bee are stilled;
  Now southward swallows hurry down the blue,
  
Fleeing the murderous Frost that even now
  Hath smote the marshes with his bitter breath,
Quenching the flames that danced on vine and bough,—       
  Think’st thou thy beauty will make truce with Death,
  
Or hold in summer’s leash his loosened wrath?
  See! o’er the shrunk grass trail the blackened vines;
And, hark! the wind, tracking the snow’s fell path,
  Snarls like a fretted hound among the pines.
  
The pallid sunshine fails,—a sudden gloom
  Sweeps up the vale, a-thrill with boding fear.
What place for thee? Too late thy pride and bloom!
  Born out of time,—poor fool,—what dost thou here?
  
What do I here when speeds the threatening blight?
  June stirred my heart, and so June is for me.
Who feels life’s impulse bourgeon into light
  Recks not of seasons, knows not bird nor bee.
 
I can but bloom,—did the June roses more?
  I can but droop,—did they not also die?
The Moment is: the After or Before
  Hides all from sight,—canst thou tell more than I?
What matter if to-night come swirling snow
  And Death? The Power that makes, that mars, is One.
I know nor care not: when that Power bids blow,
  I ope my curlëd petals to the sun.
 
Painting (above left and right) "Study of Wild Rose" by John Ruskin

Painting by Alfred Parsons

From Homepage October 27, 2006

Northwest native roses are such little show-offs! They are so sweet in the early summer with their baby pink blooms and their delicate fragrance that reminds one of grandma's linen closet. Then the petals fall to reveal hips that are oblong or round, turning scarlet and orange and even gold around September. But did you know the Nootka Rose (Rosa nutkana) foliage is also colorful? Shades of wine and pumpkin--so beautiful!

If your garden needs some color for fall, consider northwest native wild roses. Beautiful and very attractive to birds and butterflies. Add a few Snowberries (Symphoricarpos albus) or Western Snowberries (Symphoricarpos occidentalis). Planted together they are just charming all year, especially in winter when most gardens could use a bit of interest. The red rosehips and the white Snowberries will last through the winter until the birds eat them all, every last one.

Photos We Share!

It is our pleasure to share the photographs in this section with you under the Creative Commons License (see link below for details). We retain ownership of the photos but you may use them freely as long as you credit our website for them.  

              

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